UGC-NET&SET-PAPER-1(2007-JUNE)MODEL PAPER-106

UGC-NET&SET-PAPER-1(2007-JUNE)MODEL PAPER-106

Read the following passage and answer the questions 11 to 15:

All political systems need to mediate the relationship between private wealth and public power. Those that fail risk a dysfunctional government captured by wealthy interests. Corruption is one symptom of such failure with private willingness-to-pay trumping public goals. Private individuals and business firms pay to get routine services and to get to the head of the bureaucratic queue. They pay to limit their taxes, avoid costly regulations, obtain contracts at inflated prices and get concessions and privatized firms at low prices. If corruption is endemic, public officials - both bureaucrats and elected officials - may redesign programmes and propose public projects with few public benefits and many opportunities for private profit. Of course, corruption, in the sense of bribes, pay-offs and kickbacks, is only one type of government failure. Efforts to promote ‘good governance’ must be broader than anti-corruption campaigns. Governments may be honest but inefficient because no one has an incentive to work productively, and narrow elites may capture the state and exert excess influence on policy. Bribery may induce the lazy to work hard and permit those not in the inner circle of cronies to obtain benefits. However, even in such cases, corruption cannot be confined to ‘functional’ areas. It will be a temptation whenever private benefits are positive. It may be a reasonable response to a harsh reality but, over time, it can facilitate a spiral into an even worse situation.

11. The governments which fail to focus on the relationship between private wealth and public power are likely to become:
(A) Functional 

(B) Dysfunctional
(C) Normal functioning 

(D) Good governance

12. One important symptom of bad governance is:
(A) Corruption 

(B) High taxes
(C) Complicated rules and regulations

(D) High prices

13. When corruption is rampant, public officials always aim at many opportunities for
(A) Public benefits 

(B) Public profit
(C) Private profit 

(D) Corporate gains

14. Productivity linked incentives to public/private officials is one of the indicatives for:
(A) Efficient government 

(B) Bad governance
(C) Inefficient government 

(D) Corruption

15. The spiralling corruption can only be contained by promoting:
(A) Private profit 

(B) Anti-corruption campaign
(C) Good governance 

(D) Pay-offs and kick backs

16. Press Council of India is located at:
(A) Chennai 

(B) Mumbai
(C) Kolkata 

(D) Delhi

17. Adjusting the photo for publication by cutting is technically known as:
(A) Photo cutting 

(B) Photo bleeding
(C) Photo cropping 

(D) Photo adjustment

18. Feed-back of a message comes from:
(A) Satellite 

(B) Media
(C) Audience 

(D) Communicator

19. Collection of information in advance before designing communication strategy is known as
(A) Feed-back 

(B) Feed-forward
(C) Research study 

(D) Opinion poll

20. The aspect ratio of TV screen is:
(A) 4:3 

(B) 4:2
(C) 3:5 

(D) 2:3